HEALTH STATUS OF PRESCHOOL AGE CHILDREN, REMAINED WITHOUT PARENTAL CARE

Abstract

The purpose of research is to study the peculiarities of the development and the health of preschool age children from socially disadvantaged backgrounds.Patients and methods. In the Center for Medical and Social Rehabilitation of children, remained without Parental Care, in 2016–2017, in the process of examination, treatment and rehabilitation, 130 patients of both sexes aged from 8 months to 6 years were observed. Identified unfavorable factors of antenatal history, paying attention to the lifestyle and health of parents, noted the nature of feeding in infancy, the incidence of infectious diseases; assessed epidemiological and vaccine history. All patients underwent complex clinical and laboratory examination; evaluated physical and psycho-motor development; revealed deficient conditions, tooth decay, incidence of tuberculosis. Results. All children had a combination of many unfavorable factors of antenatal history, lack of breastfeeding, most of them had signs of social and pedagogical neglect. The complex of unfavorable factors promoted the development of rickets in 78.3% of children in the first 2 years of life, protein-energy deficiency of I-II degree of severity in 45.4%, iron deficiency anemia in 16.9%, and also in neuropsychiatric speech development in 50.8%. There was a high incidence of respiratory infections with bacterial complications (55.4% of children) and dental caries (in 45.4% of children), including its widespread form (in 23.7% of children). A very high incidence of small forms of tuberculosis was established: tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes was diagnosed in 3.8% of children. The conclusion. The problems of health formation, its preservation and recovery in preschool aged children from socially unfavorable environment remain highly relevant and require special attention of the state, both on the part of the pediatric and social services.