HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF AIR QUALITYAND ITS IMPACT ON THE HEALTH OF THE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN SAINT PETERSBURG

Abstract

In the hygienic assessment of atmospheric air quality in densely populated areas, relationships of the influence of anthropogenic load on the environmental factor connected with the incidence rate of respiratory diseases among population remains relevant. Of particular concern is high incidence and increase in the incidence rate of respiratory diseases in St. Petersburg. The aim of the study was to assess the quality of atmospheric air and the characteristics of the health of children and adolescents in the Admiralteysky, Vasileostrovsky and Central districts of St. Petersburg. To assess the quality of atmospheric air, the main indicators were calculated: the integrated index of atmospheric pollution (ISA), the standard index (SI) and the highest repeatability of excess (NP,%). Analysis of atmospheric air quality in the studied areas of St. Petersburg by the integrated index of air pollution showed a low level of pollution. However, in the Vasileostrovsky region, the values of the standard index for a number of substances (nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide) exceeded unity (SI> 1), in addition, the highest repeatability of exceeding the MPC (NP) were noted for nitrogen dioxide. An analysis of the primary and general incidence of respiratory diseases in the studied areas for 2017 revealed a significant excess of the incidence rates of the teenage population of the Vasileostrovsky district compared to the average city indicators. In the dynamics for 2010-2017 in the Vasileostrovsky district among adolescents, there was a tendency to an increase in the primary and general incidence of respiratory diseases, and also, over the entire analyzed period, both indicators exceeded the average city level. The data obtained allow us to conclude that it is necessary to improve and further develop the control system implemented within the framework of socio hygienic monitoring of environmental factors that affect the health of citizens.