BRUGADA SYNDROME

Abstract

Since the first description of Brugada syndrome in 1992, significant progress has been made in understanding the key mechanisms of the disease, as well as in the diagnosis and stratification of the risk of sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with Brugada syndrome (SB). Brugada syndrome is a hereditary clinical electroсardiographic arrhythmic syndrome characterized by a high risk of developing ventricular arrhythmias, which, according to modern data, are the cause of sudden cardiac death in 4-12 % of all sudden death cases. Assessment of the real prevalence of SB in the population is complicated by the frequent asymptomatic course of this syndrome. However, it is about 0.5 per 1000 people, with the highest prevalence in Southeast Asia. In men, SB occurs 8-10 times more often than in women. When conducting electrocardiography in patients with SB, a characteristic ECG pattern is observed: ST segment elevation in the right chest leads. Various pathophysiological mechanisms underlie ST segment elevation. Risk stratification of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in patients with SB is critical, as it affects the patient’s management. There is no specific treatment for the disease, drug (antiarrhythmic) therapy is used, implantation of cardioverter defibrillators is performed, and radiofrequency ablation is also possible.