ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN OBESE PATIENTS: PATHOGENETIC FEATURES AND METHODS OF CORRECTION
Abstract
Introduction. The relationship between obesity and blood pressure (BP) levels has been confirmed by a number of epidemiological studies. The aim of the study was to study the features of the course and therapy of hypertension depending on the body mass index (BMI) of patients. Materials and methods. To achieve this aim, 53 patients who were hospitalized in the therapeutic department of the Mariinsky Hospital with a diagnosis of hypertension and who did not have signs of secondary arterial hypertension were included in the cross-sectional study. Results. The patients were divided into 2 representative groups: non-obese with a BMI <30 kg/m2 (34 patients) and obese with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (19 patients). Differences in such indicators as the usual and maximum blood pressure figures, the age of onset and duration of the disease, as well as the number of hypertensive crises suffered, were not determined between the groups. There was no difference when comparing the time of day at which the patients’ blood pressure increased. When evaluating echocardiography data in the examination groups, statistically significant differences were revealed in terms of thickness of the posterior wall of the left ventricle and interventricular septum. The severity of left ventricular hypertrophy in the obese group was significantly higher. The groups did not differ in the prevalence of the use of methods of non-drug correction of hypertension and in taking groups of antihypertensive drugs. Correlations between BMI and blood pressure figures, as well as echocardiographic indicators of the severity of left ventricular hypertrophy, were also studied. Conclusions. BMI indicators are directly correlated with systolic blood pressure levels, the thickness of the posterior wall of the left ventricle and the interventricular septum. A more personalized approach to non-drug and drug correction of hypertension should be applied to obese patients.
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