PERINEOLOGY AS THE ANATOMY OF THE PERINEUM. BLOOD VESSELS, NERVES, TOPOGRAPHY. LECTURE

Abstract

The present lecture is the second part of “Perineology, anatomy of perineum” cycle. The first part was devoted to the anatomy of perineal muscles and fascia, and the present one deals with blood vessels, nerves, and topography of the perineum. It takes into consideration the relationship between structure and function. Taking into account the development of the perineum in histo and organogenesis, in this article we deal with the features of blood supply, innervation, lymph drainage (lymphatic vessels and regional lymphatic nodes) of this area of a human body. The description of the interfascial and adipose spaces is given (the subcutaneous perineal pouch, superficial space and the deep perineal poach), the issues of studying the ischioanal fossa, its content and connections are enlightened in details. The relevance of the publication is based on the incompleteness of the data on these issues presented in the classic manuals on human anatomy. Knowledge on the topography and composition of the neurovascular bundles, the structure and topography of its adipose spaces, the connections of parietal adipose tissue with the adipose of pelvic organs and the spaces between them, is of fundamental importance for the diagnosis and localization of inflammatory processes, understanding the pathways of pus spreading, performing local anesthesia for operations on the perineum and pelvic organs. The goal of our lecture is to unite the fundamentals of perineal anatomy with clinical aspects of perineology and health care practice.