CELLULAR SPACES OF THE FACIAL PART OF THE HEAD (LECTURE)

Abstract

This lecture is an attempt to summarize the knowledge presented in the Russian and world literature concerning the spaces between the fascial layers in the area of the facial part of the head, to compare the differences in terminology used by different authors. Cellular spaces are clusters of loose, fibrous, unformed connective and adipose tissue that fill the gaps between organs; they are bounded by fascial plates, muscles, bones, and may contain vessels, nerves, lymph nodes, and glands. When studying the literature sources, we found different terms for the same entities [1, 8, 14]. From a practical point of view, knowledge of the anatomy of the cellular spaces of the head is extremely important for dentists, maxillofacial and plastic surgeons, since these areas can be a source of occurrence and potential sites of localization of inflammatory processes, both before and after surgery [6, 11]. In addition, a correct understanding of the boundaries and messages of cellular spaces allows us to predict the direction of the spread of inflammatory exudate [10]. Knowledge of the topography of the cellular spaces of the head makes it possible to perform an anatomically justified opening of purulent cavities [24]. The presented lecture material describes in detail the boundaries of the regions and the ways of communication of various sections of fiber with each other. The data presented by us also includes a description of some fasciae of the head and their leaves that separate the cellular layers [7]. The materials presented in the lecture were obtained on the basis of the study and analysis of the literature data, as well as by the method of anatomical dissection.