МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ РЕПАРАЦИИ ТКАНЕЙ РОГОВИЦЫ

A.A. Stadnikov; D.V. Oleynik

doi:10.56871/RBR.2024.84.99.009

A.A. Stadnikov Orenburg State Medical University. 6 Sovetskaya str., Orenburg 460000 Russian Federation
D.V. Oleynik Orenburg branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution. 17 Salmyshskaya str., Orenburg 460047 Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3421-6602

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56871/RBR.2024.84.99.009

Keywords: regeneration, cornea, gene expression

Abstract

The article is devoted to a scientific literature review on the issues of reparative histogenesis and cell differentiation in the cornea at the genetic level. The most vulnerable membrane in case of eye injuries is the cornea. In this regard, the assessment of its regeneration processes, including at the molecular genetic level, becomes important. Knowledge of the molecular biology of regenerative genes is far from complete, and many aspects remain insufficiently studied. The genes MKI67, TAB3, PAX6 are involved in the regeneration of corneal tissue, including after
injury. This review focuses on these three genes. Ki-67 protein is a universal marker of proliferation and is necessary for maintaining the cell cycle. Pax-6 is an early marker of corneal epithelial cell differentiation. Expression of this gene is suppressed in many tissues of an adult, but it persists in eye cornea, participating in the normal functioning of the cornea. TAB3 gene, as a correlate of TGF-β activation, helps to increase the intensity of proliferation and migration of epithelial cells and promotes rapid healing of the wound surface. Currently, the study of the patterns of cyto- and
histogenesis, differentiation of cells and tissues of the organ of vision, their physiological and reparative regeneration and the regulation of these processes at the molecular genetic level in the aspect of regenerative medicine is being updated.

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MOLECULAR GENETIC ASPECTS OF CORNEAL TISSUE REPAIR

Abstract

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