ORAL ALLERGIC SYNDROME

Abstract

Oral allergic syndrome (OAS) is a set of clinical manifestations of IgE - mediated allergic reactions on the oral and pharyngeal mucosa in patients with pollen sensitization when eating various fruits, vegetables, nuts and spices. The most common symptoms of OAS are itching or swelling of the oral mucosa, face, lips, and tongue. Symptoms usually appear immediately after eating raw fruits or vegetables, although in rare cases, the reaction may occur more than an hour later. OAS is generally considered a mild form of food Allergy. Rarely, OAS can cause severe oropharyngeal edema, leading to difficulty swallowing or breathing. A person with high sensitivity develops a systemic reaction called anaphylaxis. OAS can occur at any time of the year. The diagnosis of OAS is made after careful collection of anamnesis and a positive result of a skin prick test (SPT) with fresh food extracts. The most accurate methods of diagnosis in vivo are provocative tests: various modifications of samples with food products of plant origin. ST tests are also used. This type of test determines the presence of Ig E antibodies to specific allergens, which makes it possible to determine the cross reactivity between food and pollen allergens. In vitro diagnostics include the determination Of IG-E for plant allergens in blood serum, and a test of white blood cell histaminoliberation. Treatment of food allergies is carried out with antihistamines, corticosteroids and, in case of systemic reactions, epinephrine is used (intramuscularly). Monoclonal antibodies against IgE can be used to counteract severe food allergies.