EOSINOPHILIC COLITIS

Abstract

According to modern concepts, eosinophilic colitis is a disease whose etiology and pathogenesis are not fully known. Eosinophilic colitis is a type I allergic reaction to a food allergen. There is an opinion about two mechanisms of development of this pathology - IgE dependent and IgE independent. In eosinophilic colitis, the layers of the intestinal wall are affected, on the basis of which N. Klein in 1970 presented a classification of eosinophilic infiltration of the intestinal wall. Eosinophilic colitis can affect both the entire gastrointestinal tract (gastroenterocolitis) and partially (enterocolitis) and be isolated (colitis, proctocolitis). Manifestation of eosinophilic colitis can occur at any age, but children are more likely to get sick, especially with a burdened allergic history. Apparently, men and women get sick the same way, because the data from different authors directly contradict each other. The appearance of this pathology in a child (and in an adult) can be influenced by both endogenous (burdened heredity, allergic and other gastrointestinal diseases in the history) and exogenous factors(changes in diet and diet, bad habits, allergens - as provocateurs, etc.). The diagnosis of eosinophilic colitis is a diagnosis of exclusion, so sometimes it takes months and years to make a diagnosis, while other, most common gastrointestinal diseases are excluded, such as parasitic invasion, Crohn’s disease, nonspecific ulcerative colitis, drug induced colitis, etc. Treatment first of all requires an elimination diet, and in General, lifestyle correction. Of course, symptomatic drugs can be used to eliminate unwanted symptoms. It also makes sense to use corticosteroids in severe cases, do not forget about the growing momentum of biological therapy the use of monoclonal antibodies. This therapy is probably the future. However, the high cost of drugs in this category at the present stage does not always make it possible to use them.