BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN MOTHERS - RISK OF EARLY MANIFESTATION OF ATOPIC PHENOTYPE IN CHILDREN

Abstract

Objective: to study the influence of various factors on the implementation of atopic diseases in children born to mothers suffering from bronchial asthma.Materials and research methods. A total of 76 couples were included in the study - a pregnant woman suffering from bronchial asthma and her born child. The control group consisted of 41 children born to healthy mothers. All children were born from a singleton pregnancy, an urgent birth. The age of pregnant women ranged from 25 to 35 years (average age - 30.6 ± 3.63 years). Women were included in the study at 38 weeks of gestation with the study of hereditary, obstetric and gynecological anamnesis. Children were observed in the hospital (1, 3, 4 days), then every month until the child reached the age of 1 year with an assessment of clinical symptoms. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of the vaginal microflora was carried out in 37 pregnant women by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Observation of children was carried out up to 1 year. Studies have shown that in children with a hereditary burden of atopy (born to mothers with AD), in addition to predictors of the development of atopic disease, epigenetic factors play a special role: pathology of the course of pregnancy and childbirth (especially abdominal delivery), which lead to a violation of vaginal microbiocenosis and, as a result, a change in the vertical transmission of microbiota to the fetus and newborn. The early introduction of supplementation with milk mixtures (in the first hours and days after birth when breastfeeding is not possible) promotes sensitization of cow's milk proteins. All of the above leads to the early realization of clinical symptoms not only from the gastrointestinal tract, but also from the skin and respiratory organs and may indicate the early formation of comorbidity in this patient population. One of the methods for predicting the possibility of early realization of PA symptoms in children, as well as the nature of feeding a child, may be to study the composition of the vaginal microbiota at 36-38 weeks of gestation. And one of the methods for preventing the early realization of the clinical symptoms of PA when breastfeeding is not possible can be the use of hydrolysis formulas.