Specificities of the intestinal digestion and absorption of extremely low birth weight infants

Abstract

Thanks to the development of modern medical technologies, high qualifications of resuscitations — neonatologists doctors, today it is possible to achieve high survival rates of extremely low birth weight (ECMT ) children less than 1000 grams. At the same time, using records from nureviews merous studies and metanalysis of physiological features of the gastrointestinal tract of this group of children, recordas of digestion and absorption, we can prescribe timely and adequate enteral and parenteral nutrition, which will allow us to talk not only about life itself, but about improving the quality of life of the child. The purpose of this review: To study the anatomical features of the structure of the gastrointestinal tract of children with extremely low birth weight, as well as in the study of a competent approach to the use of enteral and parenteral nutrition of children with extremely low birth weight, including the study Patti J. T hureen about the use of intravenous amino acid preparations, as well as Cochrane’s systematic reviews of rational enteral nutrition. Conclusion. The results have shown that early intravenous administration of large doses of amino acids minimizes the frequency and severity of hyperglycemia, as well as reduces the need for intravenous insulin infusion, minimal enteral nutrition reduces the time to reach the full volume of enteral feeding and reduces the length of hospitalization, and the rapid expansion of nutrition leads to better gains body mass.
The characteristics of the structure of the gastrointestinal tract in this group of children shown the reduced intestinal peristalsis, its irregularity, reduced tone of the lower esophagus, increased activity of the motor function of the stomach, which must be considered when prescribing enteral nutrition.