RELATIONSHIP OF SLEEP DISORDERS AND GUT MICROBIOTA

Abstract

Various human lifestyle and environmental factors are known to influence sleep. Over the past decade, the number of adults suffering from chronic sleep disorders has grown. Lack of sleep and impaired circadian rhythms have been proven to be associated with adverse metabolic health effects. Often, these disorders are combined with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, accompanied by dysbiosis. In recent years, a significant number of studies have been conducted in animal models showing the relationship between the gut microbiota and brain functions. Based on their scientists, they clearly demonstrated the role of the intestinal microbiota in regulating brain function, sleep and behavior. The number of studies conducted with the involvement of volunteers is currently limited. The bacteria that make up the gut microbiota have a significant direct impact on human health by synthesizing and secreting biologically active substances such as vitamins, essential amino acids, lipids and others. They are also able to have an indirect effect by modulating metabolic processes and the immune system. Changes in gut microbial diversity occur with lack of sleep and shifting circadian rhythms, which can lead to changes in the structure and function of microorganisms living in the gut. This can lead to a change in the composition and number of metabolites synthesized by these microorganisms (such as short - chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids), which contributes to the development of chronic inflammation, increased body weight and endocrine changes. This article provides a literature review on issues of interfacing gut microbiota and processes occurring during sleep.