FEATURES NUTRITION SUPPORT AND NURSING OF PATIENTS WITH GASTROSTOMY

Abstract

Little attention is paid to the problems of patients with gastrostomy. The statistics in this group of patients is not complete as the information systems of medical institutions usually take into account underlying disease. According to data of Territorial Fund of obligatory medical insurance (TF OMI), about 800 cases of gastrostomy a reported in St. Petersburg in 2017. However, these data do not take into account transactions are paid not from OMI. The aims of the work are to assess the real number of patients with gastrostomy and to present the basic ideas in their nursing and adequate nutrition. The article offers a brief classification of gastrostomy, provides recommendations for care, depending on the type of fistula. The average cost of specialized enteral nutrition is estimated. Adults with disabilities in Russia are not provided by such commercial products by the insurance program, so many patients combine some special nutrient mixtures with pureed regular food or use the last one at all as the basic diet. Authors proposed own samples of menus from ordinary food and performed comparison with specialized formulas for enteral feeding. It is concluded that it is necessary to organize a service for patients with gastrostomy and to include enteral nutrition in their rehabilitation program.