Peculiarities of the formation of the musical immunity of upper respiratory tracks in children of the first year of life born innevent

Abstract

Indicators of a mucosal immunity of a upper airways at 47 children of the first year of life who were born prematurely on the term of a gestation of 28-37 weeks are studied. Determination of level of antibodies (IgA, IgG, IgE) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IF-γ) in swabs from the mucous membrane was carried out by method of the immunofermental analysis. It was found that e premature infants in the second half of life on the nasal mucosa showed a lack of antiviral protection in the form of low values of IF-γ. Hyperproduction of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β does not lead to the formation of a complete humoral response, as indicated by a transient IgG deficiency and low IgE indices. The intensity of the mechanisms of immune response to the oropharyngeal mucosa and the late formation of tolerance mechanisms is evidenced by the excessive production of IL-1β and high IgE indices. Indicators of mucosal immunity of a upper airways can be used for pathogenetic approaches to prevention and treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of respiratory system at prematurely born children.