ACTUAL ISSUES OF SCHOOL MEDICINE

Abstract

Support for motherhood and childhood, as well as the protection of children’s health and ensuring their rights in the field of health protection is a national concern, which is enshrined in the main legislative acts: the Constitution of the Russian Federation; Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 29, 2017 No. 240 “On the declaration of the Decade of Childhood in the Russian Federation”; Federal Law of the Russian Federation of 11.21.2011 No. 323-FL “On the basics of public health protection in the Russian Federation”, etc. In order to identify the peculiarities of the health status of children studying in preschool educational institutions, in secondary schools and institutions of secondary vocational education, the results of preventive examinations of this contingent from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed. As a result, there is a general trend of deterioration in the health of schoolchildren and students of secondary vocational institutions, a decrease of 1,8-1,9 times in the first group of health and an increase of 2 times or more in the third group of health in 11th graders compared with the 1st graders and preschoolers, which indicates an increase in chronic pathology with age. Among schoolchildren in the structure of chronic pathology, leading positions are occupied by diseases of the eye and its accessory apparatus and diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, respiratory diseases take the third place. When assessing the system of medical care for children in educational institutions of St. Petersburg, organizational problems related to the imperfection of the regulatory framework, the lack of clear interaction between medical and educational organizations, the shortage of medical workers and funds, etc. were revealed.