VACCINE PREVENTION OF ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES CAUSED BY HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS IN THE NORTH-WESTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT

Abstract

Cervical cancer occupies one of the leading places among the causes of the incidence of malignant neoplasms and mortality from these causes. Epidemiological data of the development of cervical cancer indicate its association in most cases with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV). In connection with above mentioned, the study of the coverage of the population with HPV vaccination in the subjects of the North-Western Federal District (NWFD) of the Russian Federation, and the motivational attitudes of legal representatives of children to this issue, seems very relevant. From 2018 to 2020, the growth rate in vaccination coverage was 287.6 %. However, it remaines not possible to indicate that the number of HPV vaccinated in the district is sufficient: in 2018, only 580 girls were vaccinated in the regions of the NWFD, in 2019 - 674 girls, in 2020 - 1,668 girls. The sociological study demonstrated unsatisfactory indicators of awareness of the population, especially adolescents and people of middle age groups about the necessity, expediency and effectiveness of HPV vaccination, which requires a targeted information campaign among target population groups focused on reducing this deficit. Only 36.4 % of respondents indicated that they were aware of the safety of the vaccine. Regarding the attitude of respondents to vaccination, the following data were obtained: 75.6 % noted the obligatory need for HPV vaccination, including 54.9 % expressed the opinion about the importance of vaccination for all categories of the population.