MYELINATION OF THE BRAIN IN CHILDREN OF THE FIRST YEARS OF LIFE: THE POSSIBILITIES OF RADIATION DIAGNOSTICS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Abstract

To date, MRI continues to be the main method of assessing the myelination of the central nervous system in children. The normal process of myelination development, both of the entire brain as a whole and of its individual anatomical structures, is of vital importance. Evaluation of the delay in the timing of myelination is also of great importance for determining the severity of brain damage. The method of mapping the macromolecular proton fraction allows us to estimate the amount of myelin in the white and gray matter of the brain. However, in order to diagnose disorders associated with hypomyelination or delayed myelin formation, it is still necessary to know the stages of the normal course of the myelination process. The paper presents the experience of various researchers and their attitude to the stages of myelination in the normal brain of a full term baby. The data that doctors can visualize on T1-, T2-weighted images, as well as images of the brain in the stage of myelination with DTI, T2 Flaier are described.