КОРОНАВИРУСНАЯ ИНФЕКЦИЯ И COVID-19 У ДЕТЕЙ. ЧАСТЬ 2. КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ COVID-19 У ДЕТЕЙ: ЛЕГОЧНЫЕ И ВНЕЛЕГОЧНЫЕ ПРОЯВЛЕНИЯ, ОСЛОЖНЕНИЯ, В ТОМ ЧИСЛЕ МУЛЬТИСИСТЕМНЫЙ ВОСПАЛИТЕЛЬНЫЙ СИНДРОМ
Аннотация
Во второй части лекции представлены данные о клинической картине заболевания у детей. Указаны периоды и стадии течения новой коронавирусной инфекции, дана характеристика клинических вариантов COVID-19 в зависимости от степени тяжести заболевания с выделением основных параклинических, биохимических, рентгенологических маркеров и данных коагулограммы. Представлены факторы, способствующие более тяжелому течению инфекции и приведены показания к госпитализации пациентов. Подробно описаны внелегочные проявления COVID-19: поражение сердечно-сосудистой системы, в основе которого лежит развитие эндотелиита и протромботических эффектов с последующими кровоизлияниями и тромбозом сосудов; гастроинтестинальные симптомы, которые определяют более продолжительное течение заболевания и могут быть единственным проявлением инфекции у детей; поражение эндокринной системы, особенно поджелудочной железы с возможностью развития сахарного диабета; дана характеристика дерматологического синдрома с описанием различных вариантов сыпей в зависимости от степени тяжести заболевания, при этом все виды сыпей иллюстрированы фотографиями; описаны симптомы поражения нервной и мочевыделительной систем. Перечислены основные осложнения COVID-19 с подробным описанием мультисистемного воспалительного синдрома, его патогенеза, патоморфологии, классификации и клинической характеристики с указанием основных диагностических критериев.
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