CORONAVIRUS INFECTION AND COVID-19 IN CHILDREN. PART 2. CLINICAL FEATURES OF COVID-19 IN CHILDREN: PULMONARY AND EXTRAPULMONARY MANIFESTATIONS, COMPLICATIONS, INCLUDING MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME
Abstract
The second part of the lecture presents data on the clinical picture of the disease in children. The periods and stages of the course of the new coronavirus infection are indicated, the characteristics of the clinical variants of COVID-19 depending on the severity of the disease are given, with the identification of the main paraclinical, biochemical, radiological markers and coagulogram data. Factors contributing to a more severe course of infection are presented and indications for hospitalization of patients are given. Extrapulmonary signs of COVID-19 are described in detail: damage to the cardiovascular system, which is based on the development of endotheliitis and prothrombotic effects with subsequent hemorrhages and thrombosis of blood vessels; gastrointestinal manifestations, which determine a longer course of the disease and may be the only symptom of infection in children; damage to the endocrine system, especially the pancreas with the possibility of developing diabetes mellitus; the characteristics of the dermatological syndrome are given with a description of various types of rashes depending on the severity of the disease, while all types of rashes are illustrated with photographs; Symptoms of damage to the nervous and urinary systems are described. The main complications of COVID-19 are listed with a detailed description of multisystem inflammatory syndrome, its pathogenesis, pathomorphology, classification and clinical characteristics with an indication of the main diagnostic criteria.
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