RISK FACTORS FOR CHRONIC GASTRITIS IN CHILDREN

Abstract

Background. The high incidence and lack of a tendency to reduce stomach diseases in children, the development of which is associated with the impact of a combination of a number of adverse factors, remains one of the unresolved problems of pediatric practice. The purposes of the study is to analyze the risk factors contributing to the formation of chronic gastritis in children, with the proposal of effective preventive measures. Methods and methods. A survey of 1386 children aged 9-15 years was conducted, aimed at studying social and hygienic risk factors. The biomedical risk factors were analyzed by comparing the anamnestic data and medical documentation in 108 examined patients (the main group) and 108 practically healthy school age children (the control group). The obtained data were processed using correlation analysis, calculation of relative and attributive risk. The reliability of the indicators was confirmed by the Student’s coefficient, the value of the compliance criterion (х2) and Fischer’s F-statistics. Results. The leading risk factors include a burdened genealogical history, the pathological course of pregnancy and childbirth, artificial feeding. The children had frequent respiratory and intestinal infections, surgical interventions compared to healthy ones. The elimination of such factors as unfavorable social and living conditions, low educational level of parents, frequent medication, the use of unboiled water and fast food, inadequate sleep of children, summer holidays in the city will significantly reduce the risk of stomach diseases by 29.0-53.1%. With a decrease in the number of smoking and drinking parents, the frequency of pathology decreases by 26.7-30.9%; with the exception of conflict situations in the family - 28.5%; natural feeding - 53.2%; reduction in the frequency of respiratory infections - 32.1%; elimination of physical inactivity and compliance with the rules of personal hygiene of children - 18.6-28.5% (p=0.05). The absence of a history of acute gastritis will reduce the possibility of chronization by 28 times. Conclusion. For carrying out preventive measures, a group of controlled factors is of interest, which can be influenced by social activities, work on the formation of a healthy lifestyle, prevention of pregnancy and childbirth pathology, promotion of breastfeeding, combating polypragmasia, rehabilitation of infection foci, medical examinations. Gastrointestinal intolerance, included in the group of difficult to control factors, with moderate prevalence, moderate relative and attributive risk, equal to 18.6-32.1%. It can be assumed that the elimination of the influence of individual controlled factors will have a positive impact on the action of a group of difficult to control factors.