MODERN IDEAS ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS OF THE LUNGS IN CHILDREN
Abstract
Respiratory diseases occupy a leading place in the structure of morbidity in childhood. To understand the etiology, pathogenesis and course of lung disease in children, it is necessary to know the features of their development. The data presented in the review about the antenatal and postnatal stages of lung development demonstrate the adaptation of the morphological structure of the respiratory organs at various stages of ontogenesis to the functional needs of breathing. Violations of the subtle mechanisms of respiratory morphogenesis as a result of the influence of genetic or external factors leads to the formation of malformations, diffuse disorders of the development of the lungs and pulmonary hypoplasia, interstitial lung diseases. The age related morphofunctional features of the lungs in children are also associated with the features of predisposition to various diseases, their clinical picture, diagnostic and therapeutic and preventive approaches to patient management.
