ADAPTIVE FUNCTIONAL RESERVES OF YOUNGER STUDENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF TYVA

Abstract

Reducing the negative impact on the health of students of the school environment is an urgent problem of health care and education. Purposes and tasks: the study of the functional and adaptive capacities of the organism of junior schoolchildren of the titular nationality in the Republic of Tyva. Material and methods. A survey was carried out of 297 primary school students of secondary schools in the capital of Tyva. The examination included somatometry (body length and weight, chest circumference); somatotyping according to the method of R.N. Dorokhov and I.I. Bakhrakh as modified by I.M. Vorontsov; measuring blood pressure and heart rate; calculation of the vegetative Kerdo index and the Rufier index. Results. The majority of schoolchildren have a defined mesosomatotype (56-59%); the microsomatotype was less common (24-25%); the macrosomatotype is the rarest in the cohort. In children with a macrosomatotype, indicators of systolic and diastolic pressure, the number of heartbeats are higher than in peers with meso and microsomatotypes; and in schoolchildren with a mesosomatotype it is higher than in students with a microsomatotype (p <0.01÷<0.001). Sympathicotonia and high reserves of the cardiovascular system are more often recorded in schoolchildren with microsomatotype, and vagotonia and low reserves - in children with macrosomatotype. Conclusion. Taking into account the individual -typological characteristics of children will reduce the risk of unfavorable variants of the course of adaptation to systematic education at school.