PECULIARITIES OF SENSITIZATION IN CHILDREN WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA LIVING IN A MEGAPOLIS

Abstract

The goal is to study the characteristics of sensitization in children with asthma, depending on the area of residence in the metropolis. Materials and methods. A total of 352 children with mild to moderate BA were examined. The children were divided into 2 groups: group 1 - children living in ecologically disadvantaged areas; group 2 - children living in ecologically safe areas of the city of St. Petersburg. In children, the clinical picture, levels of general and specifi c IgE, and the severity of sensitization were studied. The assessment of the quality of atmospheric air in St. Petersburg was carried out on the basis of data obtained from the Automated System for Monitoring Atmospheric Air in St. Petersburg. Results. It has been established that the majority of patients with BA live in ecologically unfavorable areas of the city, most of them suff er from BA of moderate severity and have an early onset. Most of the examined children had polyvalent sensitization, but in children from ecologically unfavorable areas, the presence of sensitization to 4 groups of allergens occurred 3 times more often than in children from ecologically favorable areas (18% versus 6%, respectively. It is shown that in the metropolis the largest contribution carbon monoxide, nitric oxide (NOx), hydrocarbons (CHx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the source of which is mainly motor transport, contribute to atmospheric air pollution cities. Children with asthma living in ecologically unfavorable areas of the metropolis are distinguished by an earlier onset of the disease, polyvalent sensitization with an average or high degree of its severity.