FEATURES OF BODY COMPOSITION IN CHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES OF OBESITY
Abstract
Introduction. Bioimpedansometry is one of the methods that describes the absolute and relative amount of muscle and fat tissue, water sectors of the body. Determining the patterns of changes in the component composition of the body depending on the degree of obesity in children will improve the effi ciency of therapeutic actions aimed at reducing body weight. The aim: to estimate the features of component composition of the body in children with varying degrees of obesity. Materials and methods. 152 children 7–17 years of age with obesity took part in one-time research based on the Clinic of Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University: 27 people with I degree, 50 people with II degree, 42 with III degree and 33 had morbid obesity. The control group consisted of 25 healthy children without obesity. For evaluating the composition of the body, the “ABC- 01 MEDASS-device” was used, St. Petersburg. The main indicators were estimated: body fat mass and it’s share, lean body mass, active cell mass and it’s share, skeletal muscle mass and it’s share, specifi c basal metabolic rate, total body water and extracellular water. Results. The proportion of body fat mass at I–II degrees is not expressed and increases by 12–16% at III–IV degrees of obesity. The lean body mass increases with increasing the degree of obesity: I degree — 22.3% increasing; II degree — 42.1% increasing, III degree — 51.1% increasing, IV degree (morbid obesity) — 73% increasing. The indicator of Active cell mass decreases as the degree of obesity increases. The deviation of active cell mass in children with I degree of obesity was lower by 9.4% compared to the control group, with II degree — by 11.8%, with III degree — by 16.6%, with IV degree (morbid) — by 21.15%. The incidence of “sarcopenic obesity” (decrease in skeletal muscle mass and its proportion): in 25.5% of children with morbid obesity, in 20.5% with III degree and 10% with II degree. The indicator of total body water in children with I– II degrees of obesity is the same and increased by 24.7%, with III degrees — by 44.1%, with IV degrees (morbid) — by 63%. Conclusion. Obesity has an infl uence on the body composition parameters in children. These changes are different and depend on the degree of obesity. The most expressed disorders are observed in adolescents with long-term morbid obesity.
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