CORONAVIRUS INFECTION AND COVID-19 IN CHILDREN. PART 1. EPIDEMIOLOGY, ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS
Abstract
The lecture presents data on the epidemiology of coronaviruses as causative agents of seasonal respiratory viral infections in children, as well as the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which caused the COVID-19 pandemic. The classification, morphology and structure of seasonal coronaviruses are given. The source and transmission routes of the pathogen in a new coronavirus infection are shown, attention is paid to the role of COVID-19 as an infection associated with healthcare. The structural features of SARS-CoV-2, its antigenic determinants that ensure penetration of the virus into target cells, as well as the main and alternative mechanisms of virus penetration into cells are described. Target cells that highly express entry receptors for SARS-CoV-2 are indicated. The pathogenesis of the new coronavirus infection, as well as pathomorphological changes in organs and tissues in COVID-19 in children, are presented in detail
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