ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ И ОГРАНИЧЕНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОНЕЙРОМИОГРАФИИ В ПЕДИАТРИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ: РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ СОБСТВЕННЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ (2015–2022)

A.N. Khalmurzina; M.L. Krainova; E.M. Zakharova; K.I. Stepanova; P.O. Lyazhiev

doi:10.56871/CmN-W.2025.81.28.014

A.N. Khalmurzina Leningrad Regional State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “Children’s Clinical Hospital”. 6 Komsomola str., Saint Petersburg 195009 Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3831-5238
M.L. Krainova Leningrad Regional State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “Children’s Clinical Hospital”. 6 Komsomola str., Saint Petersburg 195009 Russian Federation
E.M. Zakharova Leningrad Regional State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “Children’s Clinical Hospital”. 6 Komsomola str., Saint Petersburg 195009 Russian Federation
K.I. Stepanova Leningrad Regional State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “Children’s Clinical Hospital”. 6 Komsomola str., Saint Petersburg 195009 Russian Federation
P.O. Lyazhiev Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University. 2 Lithuania, Saint Petersburg 194100 Russian Federation

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56871/CmN-W.2025.81.28.014

Keywords: pediatrics, electroneuromyography, features

Abstract

Introduction. Electroneuromyography (ENMG) is often the first diagnostic method that a clinician turns to if necessary to verify the pathology of the neuromuscular system. Compared with adult patients in pediatric practice, ENMG has a number of methodological and technical features. The purpose of the study: to assess the possibilities, limitations and range of detectable changes based on the results of ENMG in patients in the working conditions of a children’s multidisciplinary medical institution. Materials and methods. The study includes the results of an ENMG study of pediatric patients (from 0 to 18 years old) who underwent examination and/or treatment at the Leningrad Regional State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “Children’s Clinical Hospital”, aimed at ENMG research from 2015 to 2022. A total of 1,543 studies were included in the analysis. Results and discussion. Significantly more often (p <0.001) in the initial study, the results of ENMG did not reveal signs of pathology — 65.3% (854 studies). The frequency of detection of pathological changes increased with increasing age: from 30 cases (26.3%) in infancy to 105 (45.5%) in adolescence (p <0.001). Among the verified disorders, the most common were mononeuropathy — 168 cases (12.85%) and polyneuropathy — 127 cases (9.7%) (p <0.001). Limitations in the scope of diagnostic algorithms were noted in 191 cases (12.4%), mainly under the age of 3 years (p <0.001); of these, in 29 cases (1.9%), the results were not subject to analysis. Primary muscle pathology was more often diagnosed in early childhood — 6 cases (5.2%) and adolescence — 11 cases (4.8%), while motor neuron disease — 5 cases (4.4%) and plexopathy — 12 cases (10.5%) were more often verified in infancy (p <0.001). Conclusion. Currently, ENMG remains an accessible and informative diagnostic method. Despite the existing limitations in pediatric practice, the diagnostic algorithm of most ENMG studies is fully followed in the absence of the need for anesthesia or sedation.

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