CHARACTERISTIC RATIOS OF MORPHOLOGICALAND BEHAVIORAL INDICATORS OF MASCULINITY/ FEMININITY DEPENDING ON SPORTS

Abstract

Sports activity leads to specific morphological and functional changes in the framework of the realization of heredity. However, it is not fully understood whether phenotypic and behavioral indicators of masculinity / femininity show joint variability under the influence of sports activities. In connection with the relevance and insufficient study of the issue, we set a goal - to determine the nature of the ratio of phenotypic and behavioral indicators of masculinity / femininity in boys and girls, depending on sports. The study involved 64 young men and 98 girls aged 19.09 ± 1.44 years. The comparison group consisted of martial arts athletes and - a total of 84 boys and 40 girls (average age 19.3 ± 1.9 years). The program included anthropometry and psychological testing. The indices of Martirosov, Tanner, finger index were calculated. Masculinity / femininity in behavior (gender role characteristics) was determined using the questionnaire «Masculinity, femininity and gender personality type». Thus, as a result of the study, it was found that young men and women have physique indicators characterizing masculinity / femininity associated with counseling gender characteristics. Morphological and functional masculinity in young men is accompanied by masculine behavior, this is more pronounced in athletes than in non athletes; the feminine component in behavior, regardless of sports, is less pronounced than the masculine one. That is, sports in young men contribute not only to the formation of morphological and functional masculinity, but also to masculine features in behavior. In females, femininity in behavior is more pronounced than masculinity, both among athletes and those who do not engage in sports. There were no significant differences in the severity of masculinization in girls depending on sports, that is, sport does not lead to pronounced masculinization of behavior in modern girls.