Studying the structure of the brain and visual analyzer using the dissection method

Abstract

Today general anatomy is poorly developed in the scientific world and poorly represented in textbooks, and the historically established method of dissection, which is the basis for the study of the structure of the human body, leaves the study programs. But in the new realities of 2021, with the use of distance learning, it has become more difficult for medical students to understand and study human anatomy. Purpose of the work: creation of training videos with the help of which students can visually study the structures of the eyeball and brain, as well as learn about their functions. Various available sources were analyzed during the study. Based on these, an explanation was presented by dissecting method, with the writing of this paper and making a video film. On the basis of made dissection all main structures of a brain and a visual analyzer have been described and their functions and role in a human body have been explained. During brain dissection sections were carried out, similar to computed tomography, on each section the formations of different departments are demonstrated: cerebellum, terminal cortex, basal nuclei, internal capsule, vault, cerebral ventricles and the endocrine gland - epiphysis. In the course of the dissection of the visual analyzer, all the envelopes of the eye and its inner nucleus are shown and explained. The method of dissection allows studying the internal structures of the visual analyzer and parts of the brain, looking at them directly, which makes this method especially important in the study of human anatomy. The technique of studying anatomy - dissection - improves students’ comprehension by presenting the demonstrative and functional parts as an integrated whole. Thus, the produced videos clearly demonstrate the structure of the brain and visual analyzer by dissection, explaining the functions of all important structures, and are suitable for teaching in human anatomy departments.