МЕХАНИЗМЫ МИГРАЦИИ МЕЗЕНХИМАЛЬНЫХ СТВОЛОВЫХ КЛЕТОК И ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ ИХ УЛУЧШЕНИЯ
Аннотация
В последние десятилетия накапливается все больше данных о механизмах обновления и регенерации тканей, которые были бы невозможны без участия стволовых клеток. Доказано, что данные процессы во многих тканях осуществляются за счет тканеспецифичных стволовых клеток (ТСК), однако их получение, культивация и введение с терапевтической целью крайне затруднительны. Наряду с этим наибольший интерес представляют мезенхимальные стволовые клетки (МСК), которые, благодаря возможности их выделения, экспансии и мультипотентности, являются многообещающим терапевтическим агентом, уже доказавшим свою клиническую эффективность при различных нозологиях, в том числе в вопросах тканевой инженерии. Одной из особенностей МСК, введенных системно, является способность находить нишу в пораженной ткани и оставаться в ней, оказывая существенное влияние на воспаление, процессы ремоделирования ткани и ее регенеративный потенциал. Однако механизмы дифференцировки и миграции МСК, а также факторы, влияющие на эти процессы, раскрыты не полностью. В данном обзоре обобщены современные данные о механизмах миграции МСК и возможных путях ее улучшения.
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