COMPLIENCE OF SCHOOLCHIDREN'S DIET WITH THE PRINCIPLES OF HEALTHY NUTRITION. THE ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS
Abstract
Preserving and strengthening the health of children and adolescents turn out to be urgent problems in the modern world and a necessary condition for the existence and prosperity of the country. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the main causes of the deterioration in the health status of the population. One of the predictors of NCDs is the increase in the number of overweight and obese children. Primary prevention is the most popular and effective measure to avoid the development of diseases. The issues of healthy nutrition such as the prevention of noncommunicable diseases are in the focus of close attention not only of the medical community, but also of the state organs. National projects have been developed and are being successfully implemented in Russia. Teaching of the principles of a healthy lifestyle must be carried out from a child’s very early age and the role of the family remains paramount, but it should not be neglected that most of the time the child spends within the walls of educational institutions. The purpose of our work was to survey adolescents to assess the level of knowledge about healthy nutrition and its application in everyday life alongside further training of the principles of healthy nutrition. Schoolchildren aged 10 to 17 years old living in various regions of the Russian Federation took part in the study on the basis of the FGBOU VDC “Orlyonok”. A program developed presents 12 topics, combined into three content modules, and after the cause of training is completed, the children were asked to fill out a questionnaire. All children participating in the survey were trained and were engaged in the program “Fundamentals of Healthy Nutrition”, the purpose of which is to develop adolescents’ knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of healthy nutrition as a component of a healthy lifestyle. The program is authorized by the staff of the FGBOU VDC “Eaglet”. The medical substantiation and scientific support of the program was provided by the staff of the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician A.F. Tur, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia. The program is implemented in the format of an optional practiceoriented course for children by Orlyonok teachers with the provision of advisory and methodological assistance by Rospotrebnadzor. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using the Microsoft Excel software package. Thus, educational projects for schoolchildren, when teachers and pediatricians work together, represent a useful format for teaching children and adolescents a healthy lifestyle.
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