DENSITOMETRY OF PEDIATRIC PATIENTS IN A MULTI-SPECIALTY HOSPITAL
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease whose development depends on genetic predisposition, lifestyle, physical activity, endocrinological status, presence of comorbidities, and medication use. Bone mass accumulation occurs during childhood and adolescence, reaching its peak at 20–30 years of age. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the most accessible method for screening reduced bone mineral density values in patients of various profiles. The advantages of this method include its non-invasive nature, high accuracy, and reproducibility of quantitative analysis. Potential candidates for DXA scanning include children with conditions that can negatively affect skeletal mineralization and children requiring monitoring of bone mineral density reduction trends due to pharmacological treatment. When instrumentally assessing bone mass in a growing organism, it is necessary to take into account anthropometric indicators and bone age. The bone mass assessment of pediatric patients is based on densitometry data obtained from the anteroposterior projection of the lumbar spine (LII–LIV) and cortical bone measurements from total body scans, excluding the head. The recommendations for excluding the head are most significant in young children, as the mineral content in the skull bones constitutes a significant portion of the total skeletal mineral content. It is recommended to track bone mass dynamics using the same device with the same hardware settings.
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