POSSIBILITIES OF MEDICAL REHABILITATION IN THE TREATMENT OF POST-COVID PNEUMONIA IN MODERN CONDITIONS

Abstract

The literature review demonstrates contemporary perspectives about the etiopathogenesis of the new coronavirus infection (NCI) COVID-19. It describes the clinical symptoms in post- COVID pneumonia. Currently, more than 1,000 different genetic variations of SARS-CoV-2 are known, however, only individual registered mutations (lineages) of the virus pose a significant danger to people. It is mutagenesis that is the key link that determines the main parameters of epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations, leading to the natural selection of several mutations with clear functional consequences. The evolution of the clinical course of NCI is characterized by a tendency towards a decrease in the number of severe forms of the disease in older patients with a shift in emphasis to children under 5 years of age, which most often require hospitalization, which is observed with the omicron strain. It has been shown that for infection caused by the omicron variant, in contrast to delta and beta, a milder course of the disease is typical, often accompanied by a sore throat, while headache, diarrhea, ageusia and anosmia are less common. A feature of the course of coronavirus infection in children is a milder course of the disease and less pronounced clinical symptoms. The rationale for the importance of comprehensive treatment, rehabilitation and preventive measures recommended for patients of different ages with post-COVID pneumonia is given, and the most effective methods of drug and physiotherapeutic treatment are identified. According to modern recommendations, all patients with post-COVID pneumonia are recommended for complex treatment, which includes mandatory adherence to regimens and taking the necessary medications. Timely rehabilitation measures are also recommended: physiotherapeutic procedures, therapeutic physical education, psychological rehabilitation. Among the current physiotherapeutic methods, it should be noted, in particular: haloinhalation therapy, aeroionotherapy, aerophytotherapy, ozone therapy, normoxic hypoxic therapy, laser therapy, abdominal decompression, medicinal electrophoresis, amplipulse therapy, magnetic therapy, heat therapy, hydrotherapy, balneotherapy and climatotherapy.