CHARACTERISTICS OF INCIDENCE OF ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY IN CHILDREN (ACCORDING TO THE DATA OF ONE OF THE REGIONS OF THE SOUTHERN FEDERAL DISTRICT)

Abstract

The relevance of this work is due to the need for authentic information about the incidence of various endocrine pathologies in children, as well as the development of optimal practical recommendations. A study of the dynamics and structure of the incidence of the endocrine system pathologies was carried out on the basis of the endocrinology department of Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital named after N.N. Silishcheva for the period from 2019 to 2021. According to the results of the study, the three leading positions in the structure of morbidity are taken by type 1 diabetes mellitus, obesity and stunting. There is an increase in the number of children with diabetes mellitus, newly diagnosed (2021 — 17.1 %, 2020 — 10.9 %, 2019 — 5.7 %). The number of newly diagnosed cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus among urban children in 2021 exceeded the number of cases among rural children by 2.8 times. The leading place among the complications of diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents is occupied by diabetic nephropathy. Complications of diabetes mellitus in the region are more common in boys than in girls. Among urban residents, complications are recorded more often. With disease duration of 1–5 years, on average, 1–2 complications occur, from 5 to 10 years — on average of three complications. Priority directions in reducing the pathology of the endocrine system among the child population are: dispensary observation, timely diagnosis, treatment. It is also necessary to plan and create preventive measures of a medical, socio-ecological and organizational nature to reduce the risks of developing pathology of the endocrine system.