METABOLIC BIOMARKERS OF ADAPTATION TO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SELF-ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN ATHLETES
Abstract
Introduction. The development of precise definitions and diagnostic criteria for non-functional overstrain and overtraining is an urgent but complex task, which is associated with individual combinations of dysfunctions. Currently, there is a tendency to combine several variables to diagnose exercise adaptation disorders in specific sports. Purpose of the study. To establish the information content of metabolic indicators and self-assessment of quality of life in rowing athletes to monitor the tolerance of training loads and prevent overtraining. Materials and methods. The study included 19 male athletes (from 18 to 20 years old) specializing in rowing, sports category I, candidates for master of sports, who complained of decreased performance and confirmed cardiac overstrain (main group). The control group included 20 athletes of similar specialization, skill and age who had no health complaints and no ECG signs of cardiac overstrain. All athletes underwent 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring, determined metabolic parameters (total and effective albumin concentrations, aspartate aminotransaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, creatine phosphokinase, creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme characteristic of cardiac muscle tissue) and self-assessment of health-related quality of life (SF-36 — non-specific questionnaire for assessing quality of life). Results and discussion. In patients with signs of overstrain, a lower level of total and effective albumin concentration was found with an increase in the toxicity index and an increase in the creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme to the upper limit of normal, against the background of a consistently high creatine phosphokinase, characteristic of all athletes, leading to an increase in the RI index. At the same time, there is a decrease in the quality of life on all scales of the psychosocial component. Conclusion. Non-functional overstrain in rowers is confirmed by impaired functioning of the serum albumin system with increased endogenous intoxication, an increase in the cardiac fraction of creatine phosphokinase in the blood and a decrease in self-assessment of quality of life on all scales of the psychosocial component.
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